Ross Eric Levine

Journal Articles

1. Liangliang Jiang, Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin (2022). Does Competition Affect Bank Risk? Journal of money credit and banking.DOI
2. Wenzhi Ding, Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2022). Competition laws, ownership, and corporate social responsibility. Journal of International Business Studies.DOI
3. Liangliang Jiang, Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2021). Deposit Supply and Bank Transparency. Management Science.DOI
4. Tatiana Didier, Ross Eric Levine, Ruth Llovet Montanes, Sergio L. Schmukler (2021). Capital market financing and firm growth. Journal of International Money and Finance.DOI
5. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2021). Competition Laws, Governance, and Firm Value. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
6. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Mingzhu Tai, Wensi Xie (2021). How Did Depositors Respond to COVID-19? Review of Financial Studies.DOI
7. Wenzhi Ding, Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2021). Corporate immunity to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Financial Economics.DOI
8. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Lai Wei, Wensi Xie (2021). Competition Law and Corporate Innovation.
9. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2020). Geographic Diversification and Banks’ Funding Costs. Management Science.DOI
10. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Zigan Wang (2020). Bank Networks and Acquisitions. Management Science.DOI
11. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Qilin Peng, Wensi Xie (2020). Communication within Banking Organizations and Small Business Lending. Review of Financial Studies.DOI
12. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2020). The African Slave Trade and Modern Household Finance. The Economic Journal.DOI
13. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Beibei Shen (2019). Cross-border acquisitions: Do labor regulations affect acquirer returns? Journal of International Business Studies.DOI
14. Tianjiao Jiang, Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Lai Wei (2019). Bank deregulation and corporate risk. Journal of Corporate Finance.DOI
15. Ross Eric Levine, Yona Rubinstein (2018). Selection into Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
16. Liangliang Jiang, Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin (2018). Competition and Bank Liquidity Creation. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis.DOI
17. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2018). Corporate Resilience to Banking Crises: The Roles of Trust and Trade Credit. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis.DOI
18. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Zigan Wang (2018). Pollution and Human Capital Migration: Evidence from Corporate Executives. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
19. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Lai Wei (2017). Insider Trading and Innovation. The Journal of Law and Economics.DOI
20. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Zigan Wang (2017). Acquiring Banking Networks. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
21. Ross Eric Levine, Yona Rubinstein (2016). Smart and Illicit: Who Becomes an Entrepreneur and Do They Earn More?*. The Quarterly Journal of Economics.DOI
22. William Russell Easterly, Ross Eric Levine (2016). The European origins of economic development. Journal of Economic Growth.DOI
23. Liangliang Jiang, Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin (2016). Competition and Bank Opacity. Review of Financial Studies.DOI
24. Martin Richard Goetz, Luc A. Laeven, Ross Eric Levine (2016). Does the geographic expansion of banks reduce risk? Journal of Financial Economics.DOI
25. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2016). Spare tire? Stock markets, banking crises, and economic recoveries. Journal of Financial Economics.DOI
26. Alexander Galetovic, Stephen H. Haber, Ross Eric Levine (2015). AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF PATENT HOLDUP. Journal of Competition Law & Economics.DOI
27. Juan Carlos Gozzi, Ross Eric Levine, María Soledad Martínez Pería, Sergio L. Schmukler (2015). How firms use corporate bond markets under financial globalization. Journal of Banking & Finance.DOI
28. Tatiana Didier, Ross Eric Levine, Sergio L. Schmukler (2014). Capital Market Financing, Firm Growth, Firm Size Distribution. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
29. Luc A. Laeven, Ross Eric Levine, Stelios Michalopoulos (2014). Financial innovation and endogenous growth. Journal of Financial Intermediation.DOI
30. Ross Eric Levine, Yona Rubinstein (2013). Liberty for More: Finance and Educational Opportunities. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
31. James R. Barth, Gerard Caprio, Ross Eric Levine (2013). Bank regulation and supervision in 180 countries from 1999 to 2011. Journal of Financial Economic Policy.DOI
32. Martin Richard Goetz, Luc A. Laeven, Ross Eric Levine (2013). Identifying the Valuation Effects and Agency Costs of Corporate Diversification: Evidence from the Geographic Diversification of U.S. Banks. Review of Financial Studies.DOI
33. Martin Čihák, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Erik H. B. Feyen, Ross Eric Levine (2013). Financial Development in 205 Economies, 1960 to 2010. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
34. James R. Barth, Gerard, Jr. Caprio, Ross Eric Levine (2012). The Evolution and Impact of Bank Regulations. World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks.DOI
35. Juan Carlos Gozzi, Ross Eric Levine, María Soledad Martínez Pería, Sergio L. Schmukler (2012). How Firms use Domestic and International Corporate Bond Markets. World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks.DOI
36. Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Erik H. B. Feyen, Ross Eric Levine (2012). The Evolving Importance of Banks and Securities Markets. The World Bank Economic Review.DOI
37. Martin Čihák, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Erik H. B. Feyen, Ross Eric Levine (2012). Benchmarking Financial Systems around the World. World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks.DOI
38. Luc A. Laeven, Martin Richard Goetz, Ross Eric Levine (2012). The Valuation Effects of Geographic Diversification. IMF Working Paper.DOI
39. Thorsten Beck, Ross Eric Levine, Alexey Levkov (2009). Big Bad Banks? The Winners and Losers From Bank Deregulation in the United States. Research portal (Tilburg University).
40. Luc A. Laeven, Ross Eric Levine (2005). Is There a Diversification Discount in Financial Conglomerates? National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
41. Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Ross Eric Levine (2005). Bank Concentration and Fragility: Impact and Mechanics. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
42. Ross Eric Levine (2005). Law, Endowments, and Property Rights. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
43. Ross Eric Levine (2004). Finance and Growth: Theory and Evidence. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
44. Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Ross Eric Levine (2003). Bank Supervision and Corporate Finance. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
45. Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Ross Eric Levine (2002). Law, Endowment, and Finance. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
46. Ross Eric Levine, Thorsten Beck (2001). Stock Markets, Banks, and Growth: Correlation or Causality? World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks.DOI
47. Ross Eric Levine, Thorsten Beck (2000). New Firm Formation and Industry Growth: Does Having a Market- or Bank-Based System Matter? World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks.DOI
48. Ross Eric Levine, Thorsten Beck, Norman Loayza (1999). Financial Intermediation and Growth: Causality and Causes. World Bank policy research working paper.DOI
49. Ross Eric Levine, Sara Zervos (1999). Stock Market Development and Long-Run Growth. World Bank policy research working paper.DOI
50. Ross Eric Levine, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt (1999). Stock Market Development and Financial Intermediaries: Stylized Facts. World Bank policy research working paper.DOI
51. Ross Eric Levine, Thorsten Beck, Norman Loayza (1999). Finance and the Sources of Growth. World Bank policy research working paper.DOI
52. William Russell Easterly, Ross Eric Levine (1996). Africa's Growth Tragedy : Policies and Ethnic Divisions. Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt).
53. William Russell Easterly, Robert King, Ross Eric Levine, Sergio Tavares Rebelo (1994). Policy, Technology Adoption, and Growth. National Bureau of Economic Research.DOI
54. Ross Eric Levine. Financial Development and Economic Growth: Views and Agenda. RePEc: Research Papers in Economics.
55. James R. Barth, Gerard Caprio, Ross Eric Levine, Leonardo Hernández, Klaus Schmidt‐Hebbel, Norman Loayza, Klaus Schmidt‐Hebbel. Financial Regulation And Performance: Cross-Country Evidence. RePEc: Research Papers in Economics.

Preprints

1. Jianqiang Chen, Pei-Fang Hsieh, Po‐Hsuan Hsu, Ross Eric Levine (2022). Environmental Liabilities, Borrowing Costs, and Pollution Prevention Activities: The Nationwide Impact of the Apex Oil Ruling. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
2. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Chicheng Ma, Yuchen Xu (2021). The Legal Origins of Financial Development: Evidence from the Shanghai Concessions. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
3. Qing Hu, Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Mingzhu Tai (2021). Finance, Social Interactions, and Human Capital Development. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
4. Martin Richard Goetz, Luc A. Laeven, Ross Eric Levine (2020). Do Bank Insiders Impede Equity Issuances? SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
5. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2020). Local Financial Structure and Economic Resilience. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
6. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Lai Wei, Wensi Xie (2020). Antitrust Policies and Corporate Innovation. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
7. Qing Hu, Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Mingzhu Tai (2020). Finance and Children's Academic Performance. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
8. Shuaishuai Gong, Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2019). Debtors at Play: Gaming Behavior and Consumer Credit Risk. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
9. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Zigan Wang (2018). Toxic Emissions and Executive Migration. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
10. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Zigan Wang, Wensi Xie (2017). Bank Liquidity, Credit Supply and the Environment. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
11. Ross Eric Levine, Chen Lin, Wensi Xie (2017). The Origins of Financial Development: How the African Slave Trade Continues to Influence Modern Finance. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
12. James R. Barth, Ross Eric Levine, Moutusi Sau (2015). For Whom are We Building the American Dream? SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
13. James R. Barth, Gerard Caprio, Ross Eric Levine (2014). Misdiagnosis: Incomplete Cures of Financial Regulatory Failures. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
14. Ross Eric Levine (2011). Napoleon, Bourses, and Growth in Latin America. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
15. Ross Eric Levine (2010). The Governance of Financial Regulation: Reform Lessons from the Recent Crisis. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
16. Ross Eric Levine (2010). An Autopsy of the U.S. Financial System: Accident, Suicide, or Negligent Homicide? SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
17. Ross Eric Levine, Alexey Levkov, Yona Rubinstein (2009). Racial Discrimination and Competition. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
18. Luc A. Laeven, Ross Eric Levine (2008). Bank Governance, Regulation, and Risk Taking. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
19. Luc A. Laeven, Ross Eric Levine (2008). Complex Ownership Structures and Corporate Valuations. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
20. Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Ross Eric Levine (2008). Finance and economic opportunity. RePEc: Research Papers in Economics.DOI
21. Gerard Caprio, Luc A. Laeven, Ross Eric Levine (2004). Governance and Bank Valuation. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
22. Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Luc A. Laeven, Ross Eric Levine (2004). Finance, Firm Size and Growth. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
23. William Russell Easterly, Ross Eric Levine, David Malin Roodman (2003). New Data, New Doubts: Revisiting 'Aid, Policies, and Growth'. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
24. Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Luc A. Laeven, Ross Eric Levine (2003). Regulations, Market Structure, Institutions, and the Cost of Financial Intermediation. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
25. Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Ross Eric Levine, World Bank (2003). Bank Concentration and Crises. RePEc: Research Papers in Economics.
26. María Carkovic, Ross Eric Levine (2002). Does Foreign Direct Investment Accelerate Economic Growth? SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
27. William Russell Easterly, Ross Eric Levine (2002). Tropics, Germs, and Crops: How Endowments Influence Economic Development. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
28. Ross Eric Levine (2002). Bank-Based or Market-Based Financial Systems: Which is Better? SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
29. Thorsten Beck, Ross Eric Levine (2002). Stock Markets, Banks, and Growth: Panel Evidence. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
30. Hali J. Edison, Ross Eric Levine, LUCA ANTONIO RICCI, Torsten Mikkel Sløk (2002). International Financial Integration and Economic Growth. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
31. James R. Barth, Gerard Caprio, Ross Eric Levine (2001). Bank Regulation and Supervision: What Works Best? SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
32. William Easterly, Ross Eric Levine (2001). It's Not Factor Accumulation: Stylized Facts and Growth Models. SSRN Electronic Journal.DOI
33. Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Ross Eric Levine (2000). A new database on financial development and structure. RePEc: Research Papers in Economics.
34. Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Ross Eric Levine (2000). Law, Politics, and Finance. RePEc: Research Papers in Economics.
35. Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Ross Eric Levine. Financial institutions and markets across countries and over time - data and analysis. RePEc: Research Papers in Economics.
36. Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt, Ross Eric Levine. Finance, financial sector policies, and long-run growth. RePEc: Research Papers in Economics.

Book Chapters

1. Ross Eric Levine (2025). Banks and Long-Run Economic Prosperity. Oxford University Press eBooks.DOI
2. Ross Eric Levine, Alexey Levkov, Yona Rubinstein (2013). Bank Regulatory Reforms and Racial Wage Discrimination. World Scientific Studies in International Economics.DOI
3. Ross Eric Levine (2013). In Defense of Wall Street: The Social Productivity of the Financial System. World Scientific Studies in International Economics.DOI