Peng Yi, Xin-Jian Wang, Daolian Chen, Zechang Sun (2022). PMSM Current Harmonics Control Technique Based on Speed Adaptive Robust Control. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification.DOI
Peng Yi, Xin-Jian Wang, Zechang Sun (2020). Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor minimum current harmonics torque ripple suppression strategy based on magnetic co‐energy model. IET electric power applications.DOI
Peng Yi, Zechang Sun, Xin-Jian Wang (2019). Research on PMSM harmonic coupling models based on magnetic co‐energy. IET electric power applications.DOI
Peng Yi, Xin-Jian Wang, Zishen Zhou, Zechang Sun (2019). Optimization and Implementation of Three-Phase PMSM Current Harmonic Decomposition Technique. SAE technical paper series.DOI
Xin-Jian Wang, Peng Yi, Zishen Zhou, Zechang Sun, Wenjin Ruan (2019). Improvements in the permanent magnet synchronous motor torque model using incremental inductance. IET electric power applications.DOI
Peng Yi, Xin-Jian Wang, Zechang Sun (2018). An Instantaneous Harmonic Decomposition Technique for Three-phase Current Based on Multiple Reference Coordinates.DOI
于泽月,孙泽昌(2017). 汽车零件可靠性试验中的抽样和批次影响. 《内燃机与配件》.
于秋扬,马天才,孙泽昌(2017). 智能供氢系统控制器软硬件的设计. 《机电产品开发与创新》.
韩晨磊,孙泽昌(2017). 赛车序列式变速箱换挡机构分析、建模与仿真. 《机电一体化》.
孙泽昌,曹星,刘杨(2017). 电液复合制动控制快速原型实现. 《机电一体化》.
Letao Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2017). An Improved Battery Modeling Method Based on Recursive Least Square Algorithm Employing an Optimized Objective Function.DOI
Juju Xia, Haifeng Dai, Zechang Sun, M. Venturi (2017). Parameter Identification of Battery Pack Considering Cell Inconsistency.DOI
Haifeng Dai, Chen-Chen Yu, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2017). State of charge estimation for lithium-ion pouch batteries based on stress measurement.DOI
Jian-Gong Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai, Wei-Jun Gu (2017). Experimental investigations of an AC pulse heating method for vehicular high power lithium-ion batteries at subzero temperatures.DOI
Jian-Gong Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2017). Battery Internal Temperature Estimation for LiFePO4 Battery Based on Impedance Phase Shift under Operating Conditions.DOI
Letao Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2017). A Discussion on a Feedback Mechanism of Estimated OCV in RLS Algorithm Based on Battery Equivalent Circuit Model. Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Bo Jiang, Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei, Letao Zhu, Zechang Sun (2017). Online Reliable Peak Charge/Discharge Power Estimation of Series-Connected Lithium-Ion Battery Packs.DOI
Jian-Gong Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2017). Experimental Investigation of AC Pulse Heating Method for NMC Lithium-Ion Battery at Subzero Temperatures.DOI
Peihong Shen, Zechang Sun, Ying Zeng, Xin-Jian Wang, Haifeng Dai (2016). Study on Power Ratio Between the Front Motor and Rear Motor of Distributed Drive Electric Vehicle Based on Energy Efficiency Optimization.DOI
Peng Yi, Zechang Sun, Xin-Jian Wang (2016). Optimal Design of Switching Frequency Based on Loss of PMSM and Inverter Used in Vehicle.DOI
Jian-Gong Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2016). An alternating current heating method for lithium‐ion batteries from subzero temperatures.DOI
Haifeng Dai, T. Xu, Letao Zhu, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2016). Adaptive model parameter identification for large capacity Li-ion batteries on separated time scales.DOI
Jian-Gong Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2016). Studies on the medium-frequency impedance arc for Lithium-ion batteries considering various alternating current amplitudes. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry.DOI
Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun, Dai Wang (2015). A novel dual-inductor based charge equalizer for traction battery cells of electric vehicles.DOI
Yang Liu, Zechang Sun (2015). Optimal Regenerative Braking Control for 4WD Electric Vehicles with Decoupled Electro-Hydraulic Brake System.DOI
Heng Zhang, Zechang Sun, Wei-Jun Gu (2015). Determination of the SOH estimation indicator and the temperature influence on the Lithium-ion battery in the EV/PHEV applications. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA).DOI
Haifeng Dai, Letao Zhu, Jian-Gong Zhu, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2015). Adaptive Kalman filtering based internal temperature estimation with an equivalent electrical network thermal model for hard-cased batteries.DOI
Jian-Gong Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2015). A Lithium-Ion Battery Optimized Equivalent Circuit Model based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy.DOI
Letao Zhu, Zechang Sun, Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei (2015). Modeling of Open Circuit Voltage Hysteresis for LiFePO 4 Batteries.DOI
Letao Zhu, Zechang Sun, Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei (2015). A novel modeling methodology of open circuit voltage hysteresis for LiFePO4 batteries based on an adaptive discrete Preisach model.DOI
Letao Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2015). An Improved Discrete Preisach Model of Open Circuit Voltage Hysteresis for LiFePO4 Batteries. Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Ji Zhang, Zhi Liao, Zechang Sun (2015). Electric Vehicle Behavioral Modeling Methods for Motor Drive System EMI Design Optimization.DOI
Haifeng Dai, Yang Xu, Jian-Gong Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Xueyuan Wang (2015). Preliminary Study on the Influence of Internal Temperature Gradient on EIS Measurement and Characterization for Li-Ion Batteries. Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Haifeng Dai, Ping Guo, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun, Jia-Yuan Wang (2015). ANFIS (adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system) based online SOC (State of Charge) correction considering cell divergence for the EV (electric vehicle) traction batteries.DOI
Jianyao Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2015). A new lithium-ion battery internal temperature on-line estimate method based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement.DOI
Haifeng Dai, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Shu-Qiang Yang (2015). EVS 28 KINTEX , Korea , May 3-6 , 2015 Design and Simulation of Liquid-cooling Plates for Thermal Management of EV Batteries.
Wei-Jun Gu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2014). A new method of accelerated life testing based on the Grey System Theory for a model-based lithium-ion battery life evaluation system.DOI
Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun, Jian-Gong Zhu, Haifeng Dai, Yao-Feng Liu (2014). Gas medium type sealed power storage battery module.
Yang Liu, Zechang Sun, Wenbin Ji (2014). Development of Composite Brake Pedal Stroke Simulator for Electro-Hydraulic Braking System.DOI
Jian-Gong Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai, H. Cen (2014). Effect of Electrode Tabs Configuration on the Electric-Thermal Behavior of a Li-Ion Battery.DOI
Wei-Jun Gu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2014). A Capacity Fading Model of Lithium-Ion Battery Cycle Life Based on the Kinetics of Side Reactions for Electric Vehicle Applications.DOI
Jia Huang, Xin-Jian Wang, Zechang Sun (2014). Variable flux memory motors: A review. IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, Asia-Pacific.DOI
Zechang Sun, Yang Liu, Wen-Bin Ji (2014). Electro-hydraulic composite braking system hierarchical control structure and method of integrated braking cylinder.
Jian-Gong Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2014). A new electrochemical impedance spectroscopy model of a high-power lithium-ion battery.DOI
Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2013). Recursive Parameter Identification of Lithium-Ion Battery for EVs Based on Equivalent Circuit Model.DOI
Haifeng Dai, Xiao-Long Zhang, Wei-Jun Gu, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2013). A Semi-Empirical Capacity Degradation Model of EV Li-Ion Batteries Based on Eyring Equation. Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Zechang Sun, Haifeng Dai, Dai Wang (2013). Active balancing circuit of power Li-ion battery module and balancing method thereof.
Haifeng Dai, Xiao-Long Zhang, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun, Jia-Yuan Wang, Feng Hu (2013). Cell-BMS validation with a hardware-in-the-loop simulation of lithium-ion battery cells for electric vehicles.DOI
Jian-Gong Zhu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai, Liang Song (2013). Preliminary Study of a Distributed Thermal Model for a LFP Battery in COMSOL Inc. Multiphysics(MP) Software. Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Dai Wang, Haifeng Dai, Zechang Sun (2013). Design and Simulation of Gate Driver Circuit Using Pulse Transformer.
Zechang Sun, Haifeng Dai, Jia-Yuan Wang, Xue-Zhe Wei (2012). Improved storage battery SOC estimation method based on consistency of unit cell.
Zechang Sun (2012). Methodology,Architecture and Development Flow of Automotive Embedded Systems. Journal of Tongji University.
Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun, Jia-Yuan Wang (2012). A Hardware-in-the-Loop System for Development of Automotive Battery Management System.DOI
Jia-Yuan Wang, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2012). Study on the Uneven cells Problem of the Power Battery Pack in the Automotive Application by ECM.DOI
Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun, Jia-Yuan Wang, Wei-Jun Gu (2012). Online cell SOC estimation of Li-ion battery packs using a dual time-scale Kalman filtering for EV applications.DOI
Zechang Sun (2012). Study on Modulation Function and Harmonics of SVPWM. Journal of Guizhou University.
Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2012). Design and Implementation of a UKF-based SOC Estimator for LiMnO2 Batteries Used on Electric Vehicles.
Sheng-Xing Li, Zechang Sun, Meng Wang (2012). The Analysis of the Energy Consumption in the Distributed Driven Electric Vehicle.DOI
Zechang Sun, Meng Wang (2012). Electric-hydro complex brake system employing integral brake master cylinder assembly.
Xiu-Yuan Xing, Zechang Sun, Meng Wang (2012). Analysis of Effect on Change Rate of Wheel Cylinder Pressure for Electro-Hydraulic Brake System of Electric Vehicle.DOI
Zechang Sun, Rui Sun, Ji Zhang, Shen-Bao Wang, Di Xiao, Hao Cai (2011). Simulation loading device for whole-vehicle controller.
Zechang Sun (2011). An XPC Target Based HiL Test System for Battery Management System. Journal of Jiamusi University.
Zechang Sun (2011). Design and Simulation of DC-Link Bus Capacitor in Electric Drive System for New Energy Vehicles. Small & Special Electrical Machines.
Wei-Jun Gu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2011). Two Methods Studying Internal Resistance for Lithium-ion Battery Life Estimation Used in EV.
Sheng Zhong, Zhiguo Zhao, Zechang Sun (2011). Study on Tor- Distribution Strategy for Hybrid Electric Bus Based on Optimal Theory.DOI
Zechang Sun (2011). States estimation control strategies for EV hybrid brake system. Ha'erbin gongye daxue xuebao.
Zhiguo Zhao, Zhuoping Yu, Tong Zhang, Zechang Sun, Ming-Lu Yin, Lin Zhang (2011). Electronic control unit for dry-type 5-speed-grade double clutch transmission and application thereof.
Zechang Sun, Rui Sun, Ji Zhang, Di Xiao, Fa-Juan Han (2011). Cooling water temperature signal conditioning circuit.
Zechang Sun, Jin-Hua Lian, Haifeng Dai, Jia-Yuan Wang, Xue-Zhe Wei (2011). Cell management system hardware-in-the-loop test device.
Zechang Sun, Haifeng Dai, Jia-Yuan Wang, Xue-Zhe Wei (2011). Water-cooling system of power battery pack of electric automobile based on thermoelectric cooling.
Xue-Yang Chang, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei (2010). Measures of Protection against Electric Shock on EV.DOI
Qinghe Liu, Tao Liu, Zechang Sun (2010). Modeling and Simulating of Electro-Hydraulic Parallel Brake System. 2010 Third International Conference on Information and Computing.DOI
Xiong Yun, Zai-Min Zhong, Zechang Sun, Zhang Tong (2010). Object-oriented Physical Modeling and Simulation of Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrain.DOI
Zechang Sun, Ji Zhang (2010). Entire vehicle controller based on MPC 555 in hybrid urban motor bus.
Wei-Jun Gu, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2010). Review of Methods for Battery Life Modeling and Their Applications.DOI
Zechang Sun (2010). An Inner Resistance Adaptive Model Based on Equivalent Circuit of Lithium-ion Batteries. Journal of Tongji University.
Feng Luo, Jie Chen, Guibao Zhuang, Zechang Sun (2009). Research On CAN controller conformance test system. International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technologies.DOI
Feng Luo, Chu Liu, Zechang Sun (2009). Intelligent Vehicle Simulation and Debugging Environment Based on Physics Engine. International Asia Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics.DOI
Feng Luo, Jie Chen, Jue-Xiao Chen, Zechang Sun (2009). Controller area network development for a Fuel Cell Vehicle. 2009 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Xiong Yun, Zai-Min Zhong, Ting-Ting Yin, Zechang Sun (2009). The analysis of the factors impacting energy feedback efficiency of fuel cell vehicles. 2009 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
H. Yun, Yu-Lan Zhao, Zechang Sun, G. Wan (2009). Modeling and Power Control Strategy Design for Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle.DOI
Yuheng Li, Zechang Sun, Jia-Yuan Wang (2009). Design for battery management system hardware-in-loop test platform. International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments.DOI
Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2009). State and Parameter Estimation of a HEV Li-ion Battery Pack Using Adaptive Kalman Filter with a New SOC-OCV Concept. International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation.DOI
Zechang Sun, Ji Zhang, Feng Luo (2009). CAN bus transceiver interface circuit.
Yun Xiong, Zai-Min Zhong, Zechang Sun (2009). The offline fault diagnosis of FCV powertrain based on CAN bus. IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium.DOI
Jue-Xiao Chen, Ming-Jie Gu, Feng Luo, Zechang Sun (2009). EMC comparison of unshielded twisted pair and shielded twist pair in automotive CAN-bus. IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium.DOI
Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2009). A new SOH prediction concept for the power lithium-ion battery used on HEVs. 2009 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Jia-Yuan Wang, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei (2009). Performance and characteristic research in LiFePO4 battery for electric vehicle applications. 2009 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Zechang Sun (2009). Power supply circuit for whole vehicle controller of hybrid power bus.
Yuheng Li, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2009). Low Power Strategy Design for Battery Management System. International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation.DOI
Feng Luo, Chu Liu, Jiahui Jin, Jue-Xiao Chen, Zechang Sun (2008). A Development And Test Environment for Automotive LIN Network.DOI
Yong-Jun Yuan, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2008). Research on Low Power Consumption of Battery Management System for Hybrid Electric Vehicle.DOI
Xu-Yun Feng, Zechang Sun (2008). A battery model including hysteresis for State-of-Charge estimation in Ni-MH battery. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Feng Luo, Mang Mo, Jue-Xiao Chen, Zechang Sun (2008). Fault diagnosis systems development for Fuel Cell Vehicle. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Yun Xiong, Zai-Min Zhong, Zechang Sun (2008). An online fault diagnosis method based on object oriented modeling for FCV power train system. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
H. Yun, Yu-Lan Zhao, Zechang Sun, G. Wan (2008). Model-based power control strategy development of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle.DOI
Yong-Jun Yuan, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2008). Assessment of power consumption control strategy for battery management system using hardware-in-the-loop simulation. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Qinghe Liu, Zechang Sun (2008). Study on Electro-Hydraulic Parallel Brake System using HILS. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Li Xiong, Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei (2008). Modeling and control simulation for fuel cell air supply system. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Zechang Sun, Xue-Zhe Wei, Haifeng Dai (2008). Battery management systems in the China-made “Start” series FCHVs. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Jie Yao, Zai-Min Zhong, Zechang Sun (2008). Economical Optimization Design for Hybrid Power System of Fuel Cell Bus.
Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun, Jia Tian (2008). Parameter Identification and State Estimation of Li-ion Power Battery in Hybrid Electric Vehicle.
Yi Zhao, Jie Yao, Zai-Min Zhong, Zechang Sun (2008). The research of powertrain for supercapacitor-based series hybrid Bus. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Xue-Zhe Wei, Lu Bi, Zechang Sun (2008). A method of insulation failure detection on electric vehicle based on FPGA. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Feng Luo, Zhi-Qiang Chen, Jue-Xiao Chen, Zechang Sun (2008). Research on FlexRay communication system. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Ji Zhang, Zechang Sun, Jing-Hua Li, Zhuo Zhang (2008). EMC study and testing of the vehicle management system in Clean Energy Automotive. 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.DOI
Zechang Sun (2007). Selection design of the assistant power batteries for FCEVs. Chinese Journal of Power Sources.
Zechang Sun (2007). Design of creepage protection equipment for electric vehicle based on FPGA. Chinese Journal of Power Sources.
Zechang Sun (2007). ESTIMATE STATE OF CHARGE OF POWER LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES USED ON FUEL CELL HYBRID VEHICLE WITH METHOD BASED ON EXTENDED KALMAN FILTERING. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering.
Zechang Sun (2007). Power Control Method of Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrain Based on States Feedback.
Zhiguo Zhao, Zhuoping Yu, Zechang Sun (2006). Research On Fuzzy Road Surface Identification and Logic Control for Anti-lock Braking System. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety.DOI
G. Wan, Zechang Sun, Hui Chen, Qing-Heng Liu (2006). Automobile electric liquid parallel hydraulic braking device.
Xiaoming Xu, Zechang Sun (2006). Application of Ant Colony Optimization to Cold Start Controlling of Fuel Cell Engine.
Haifeng Dai, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2006). Online SOC Estimation of High-power Lithium-ion Batteries Used on HEVs. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety.DOI
Zechang Sun (2006). Designing Method of Real-Time Data Recording Software for CAN Based on CANoe. Measurement & Control Technology.
H. Yun, Zai-Min Zhong, Zechang Sun, G. Wan (2006). Research on Power Balance Strategy of Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrain. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety.DOI
Jie Yao, Zai-Min Zhong, Zechang Sun (2006). A Fuzzy Logic Based Regenerative Braking Regulation For a Fuel Cell Bus. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety.DOI
Jue-Xiao Chen, Feng Luo, Zechang Sun (2006). Reliability Analysis of CAN nodes under Electromagnetic Interference. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety.DOI
Zechang Sun, Qinghe Liu, Xi-Dong Liu (2006). Research on Electro-hydraulic Parallel Brake System for Electric Vehicle. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety.DOI
Tian-Cai Ma, Zechang Sun (2006). A new method of water and thermal balance analysis for PEM fuel cell stack. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety.DOI
Ming Jin, Zai-Min Zhong, Zechang Sun (2006). Adapting of a Fuel Cell Engine to existing Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety.DOI
Lu Bi, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun (2006). A High-voltage Safety Protection Method for Electric Vehicle Based on FPGA. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety.DOI
G. Wan, Zhiguo Zhao, Zhuoping Yu, Zechang Sun (2005). Electronic stabilizing control system depending on power booster turning system to carrying out active turning.
Zechang Sun (2005). POWER BALANCE STRATEGY OF POWERTRAIN IN FUEL CELL VEHICLE.DOI
Zechang Sun (2005). Design Method for FCE Control System.
G. Wan, Zhiguo Zhao, Zhuoping Yu, Zechang Sun (2005). Electric booster turning system of fusing active turning function.
魏学哲,邹广楠,孙泽昌(2004). 燃料电池汽车中电池建模及其参数估计. 《电源技术》.
魏学哲,孙泽昌,邹广楠(2004). 模块化的HEV锂离子电池管理系统. 《汽车工程》.
Zechang Sun (2004). Simulation of communicating networkstructure of powertrain system of fuel cell vehicle. Journal of Central China Normal University.
Zechang Sun (2004). Research on Control Principle of Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrain.
Zechang Sun (2004). Modelling and parameter estimation of Li-ion battery in a fuel cell vehicle. Chinese Journal of Power Sources.
G. Wan, Xue-Zhe Wei, Zechang Sun, Guang-Nan Zou (2003). Equalizing circuit for lithium ion power accumulator.